Whakapunanga Ngā Kōpae Matua hei Whakapunanga Kai

Ko te whakapapa kai he tikanga matua mai i ngā rā o mua i te takotoranga o te tangata e whakapapa ai i ngā hūparu, ngā huawhenua, me ētahi atu mea kai. Engari, ina tōa te maha o ngā tikanga e wātea ana ki te whakamahi, he tino whai hua, he māmā hoki te whakamahi i ngā pata whakapapa. Ko ngā pata whakapapa he taputapu matua, he whakapapa kai mō te wā nei – kei te karanga mātou i a koe kia mōhio ki te kaupapa, e āwhina ana i te raru.

Tāhuhu Kōrero o ngā Pata Whakapapa

Kua pakaru ngā ahurea i te wā tonu atu me te ao katoa i ngā kai pakaru mai i te mea ko te whakaaro ki te whakaora i ngā kai i whanake mai i ngā rautau e ono, e whitu mano tau ki muri. Heoi anō, i whanake ngā tōpuni whakaora i te whanaketanga o te whakaora kai i tētahi ara nui. Nō reira, i te tuatahi ngā whakapapa tuatahi ki te hanga i ngā tōpuni whakaora hou kua oti kē te whakapaua e te kaihāpara Kariki a Nicolas Appert i whanake ai te kaihāpara i te rautau tua 19. I whakakōkiri a Appert i te kai ki ngā tōpuni kōrora, whakamutua ngā runga ki te kōrerau me te rāpaki: whakamōhiotia te kai me te whakamate i ngā pātai.

Kua roa kē a John Landis Mason kua tā karu ki te Pātītī Mason i te tau 1858 e tū mai ana ki te rārangi ki runga e whai ana i te rāranga rāpaki hei whakapai ai i te rāranga. I whakapai ake i te mōhio e whakawhitinga kai ki te kāinga me te whakawhanake i ngā tōpuni whakaora e wātea ana ki te katoa o te kāinga. Ko ngā tōpuni e whakamahia ana e tātou i tēnei wā he whanake ake, me ngā tikanga pai ake mō te rāranga, he mea nui ki te kaiwhakapai kāinga e hiahia ana me te tohunga.

Whakauru Kupu Tāpiri

Te Whiriwhiri i ngā Pōhewa Kai Tūturu Tika

Na reira, ina hokohoko mō ngā pōhewa kai tūturu he iti noa ngā momo me ngā rahi e hāngai ana ki te here o te kiritaki. Ētahi o ngā toa inaianei ko ngā pōhewa mason, ngā pōhewa Weck me ngā pōhewa Kilner. Kei te whakauru ia ki āna ake āhuatanga me ngā pūnaha here:

• Ngā Pōhewa Mason: Ēnei kōpae a Xuzhou Minghang Kaihanga Pōhewa Co., Ltd. e wātea ana i ngā rahi rerekē hei utu i ngā hiahia kaihoko i ngā rahi pīni, whārangi me te haurua taranata. He tino pai mō te penapena i ngā māmā, ngā jellies, ngā kōura me ngā kawhe kua whakarewa anō. Ko te tātā metāl papai me te tahuma tīwhana e herea ai ka tū ana te wāhi herenga kaore e taea te whakatuwhera kaua ko te whakangāhau i te kōpae.
• Ngā Pōhewa Weck: Mā te tapa kiri me ngā ringa rāpoi, ka whakamahia ngā pōhewa Weck e Xuzhou Minghang Packaging Products Co., Ltd. mō te whakaputu huinga Ūropi kua tīmata pea kē ēnei e ngā kaiwhakarewa kāinga. Ko ngā kainoho huarākau me te āhua o te pōhewa e pōwhiri ana i te whānui o te tuanui; ko ngā kai pia hoki ka kitea e koe te kāinga tōtika ki ēnei whare.
• Ngā Pōhewa Kilner: Ko Kilner tētahi tohu rēhitatia mai i te United Kingdom ā, he tapa paraihe pāpaku me te rāpoi hoki. Kei te tino pai mō te whakaputu i ngā chutneys, ngā relishes me ngā kai maroke. Ko te hanga o ēnei pōhewa kātai rawa te pai mō te whakaputu roa mai i te kaha o ēnei.

He tino nui te rahi o ngā pōhewa nā te mea ka tautohu i te wā e whakarite ai i te kai tātā ki te wā e rongo ai te kai i te wera i te wā o te whakaputu. Ko te kai mō tētahi takitahi, i te pōhewa iti, ko ngā pōhewa rahi hoki ka whakamahia mō te whakaputu i ngā wāhanga nui o ngā huarākau wā-takunetia, i te wā o te tau e tāwhai ana.

Rārangi anō hoki i ngā painga mō ngā pōhewa whakaputu

Whakawātea ngā ipu kia mōhio koe ki te maha o ngā painga ka tīmata ai i te kaha o te kai:

Roa te Ora: Nō te whakamahinga i te tikanga nei, kua wehe kē ngā pāpaku, ngā kōhau, me ngā mātāpuna i te kai kua whakaurua ki ngā ipu, nō reira ka roa ake te wā e ora ai. Koinei te āwhina i a koe kia whai wheketere hoki ai koe i ngā wā katoa o te tau, me te whakaiti i te kai e whakaputua ana.

Te Whakapūpahi i ngā Nutrient: Ko te tōaitanga o te kai i te kai tuatahi ko te whakapūpahi i te wera kia kai ai i ngā huarākau me ngā huawhenua kia whakapūpahi ai i ngā nutrient. Kāore he rite ki te whakamā, āwhina a Canning kia noho tonu ai te reka, te āhua, me te tae o ngā kai hōu kia tūtohu ai i tētahi kai reka me te kai hauora.

Kaipara: Ko te kai ā-whare me ngā ipu kaihāpai e whakapākehia ana i te iti ake i te hokonga i ngā kai kua rite kē. Ka taea e koe te hoko i te wā e hōu ana me te utu iti, kātahi ka whakaputua ki te kāinga, arā ka hōu tonu ngā kai i te wā tika.

Ko ngā pota rētā kārihi e hāngai ai ki te taiao, kei te taea hoki te whakamahi anō i ngā wā maha, nō reira he whiriwhiri pai ki te whiriwhiri i tēnei. Ko te kāpua tēnei i te pai ake i ngā kōpaki pāpaku nā te mea ko ngā pota kārihi e whakamahi anō ā, ka taea e koe te whakamahi anō.

Whakauru Kupu Tāpiri

Ngā tikanga mahi e whakarite ana i ngā wā kārihi

Kia pai ai te whakamau ake i ngā kai, me whai i ngā tikanga pai rawa kia whakamahia ngā pota kārihi:

1. Te whakakaha: Me hoki anō hoki ngā pota ki te wai, me te para kauta i ngā tapa huihui mo te neke atu i te 10 meneti i mua i te whakamahinga. E āwhina ana i te whakakorea i ngā pātai, pērā i te para, e āwhina ai i te whakamau ake o te kai.
2. Te Tautohu Tōtika: Me whai wāhi tōtika pea i waenganui i te kai me te tapa o te pōta. Ko te wehe e rua ko te ¼ ki te ½ inehi kia taea ai te whakarahi i te wā o te tukatuka. Ki te tango i te hau, kōwhiria he pātītī, he mea kāore he paraihe, ki te karu o te pōta.
3. Te here: Twirl off the lids and then wipe the jar rims with a clean, damp cloth before placing caps tightly. Treat the jars in the water bath canner or using the pressure canner under the general instructions or as per the method of the recipe you are following.
4. Te rokiroki: Mō ngā putanga pai rawa atu, me waiho kia tu kia 12-24 haora kia kaua e whakapāhunu. Me mātai te tapa o te pōtā i te pā ki te pokohiwi; ki te kāore e hōkiri ana ka herea te pōtā. Me waiho ngā pōtā ki tētahi wāhi makariri, pāpaku.

I te whakarāpopoto, he whakangāhau hoki ngā kōpae kātata ka tuku i te whakauru kai whare, engari he pono hoki te whai paku take. Ahakoa kāore he mātua hōu ki te whakauru kai ki te kātata, he mātua toa rānei ki te whakauru kai, mā te mārama me te mātua i ēnei tohutohu ka pai ake te whakauru kai.